模拟 · Minimal Organization · Energy and water

Water and wastewater utility

A water utility as a walkable model: from the reservoir to the treatment plant, with the path of a drinking water sample through the lab to the public health office.

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WASSERVERBAND MERTENTAL is invented and every value is an assumption. With your data the model can show what control room, lab and asset records keep apart today – such as real readings per zone and service reservoir, or bursts by pipe age and soil type.

How does the drinking water testing process work, from sampling to result? The fictional WASSERVERBAND MERTENTAL, a water and wastewater association, shows it. The reservoir above, the treatment plant below – and in between a town that expects clean water around the clock.

The path of a sample: a sampler draws water at a fixed point in the network, the lab sets up the sample, nothing can speed up the 18 to 48 hours in the incubator, then the lab reads the plates. If there is a positive finding, it reports at once to the public health office, which decides on measures such as a boil-water notice; the network team then flushes the pipes and the public is informed. Target in the model: result within 48 hours.

Alongside run heavy rain, self-monitoring at the treatment plant and a burst main under the street. One association for both drinking water and wastewater is a model assumption. The model shows processes; it says nothing about water quality or legal duties. The page is meant for the board, member councils, the lab, the control room, network operations and public relations.

A drinking water sample is analysed

01
Sampling at the tap: A sampler draws water at a fixed point in the network.
02
Microbiology set-up: The lab sets up the sample for coliform bacteria and E. coli.
03
Incubator (18 to 48 hours): The sample grows in the incubator.
04
Reading and result: The lab reads the plates.
05
Clear.
06
Report to the public health office: Positive: the lab reports immediately to the public health office.
07
Public health office decides: The public health office decides, for example on a boil-water notice.
08
Flushing the network and informing the public run in parallel.
09
Network flushing and root cause search: The network team flushes and looks for the cause: burst, reservoir, backflow.
10
Informing the public: The public is informed.
11
Flushed and informed.
12
Control samples over several days: Control samples over several days.
13
Public health office lifts the measure: The public health office lifts the boil-water notice.
14
Lifted.

How a water utility can use the model

Internal communication

Eleven buildings, from reservoir, waterworks and service reservoir to pumping station and treatment plant, show the whole water cycle. Drinking water and wastewater teams see where they meet: control room, lab, control systems.

适用对象Board, members' assembly, all divisions
Onboarding

New staff follow a sample and see who takes over after a positive finding: lab, health office, network team and customer service. An eight-step tour guides them through the controls.

适用对象New staff in the lab, network, sewer operations and control room
Training

Apprentices trigger a heat summer or severe weather and see bursts and heavy rain strain control room, sewers and treatment plant at once. The ‘Pipe renewal’ control shows that investment pays off late.

适用对象Water supply and wastewater apprentices
Explaining to residents and schools

‘Who sits where – and reports to whom’ follows the water from reservoir to treatment plant. School classes and residents see what lies behind the tap and the water bill.

适用对象Public relations, schools, member municipalities
Strategic overview

Renewal, metered zones and sewer flow control side by side, plus an attack on the control systems as a disruption: the model ranks investments by effect and shows what operations depend on.

适用对象Board, municipalities, IT security

What is shown – why – for whom

展示内容	为什么	适用对象
Diagram ‘Who sits where – and reports to whom’: from reservoir to treatment plant	为什么shows a town's water cycle	适用对象Members' assembly, schools, residents
Diagram ‘The path across the site’: sample, burst main, sewer	为什么shows the routes through the network	适用对象Network operations, control room
Diagram ‘Where the time goes’: incubator, 18 to 48 hours	为什么shows what cannot be sped up	适用对象Lab, public health office
Diagram ‘What the work depends on’: process control system and lab system	为什么shows the impact of an attack on the control systems	适用对象IT security, management
Diagram ‘What each control does’: renewal, metered zones, sewer flow control	为什么ranks investments by effect	适用对象Board, municipalities
Process ‘Heavy rain approaches’	为什么shows sewers and storage tanks working together	适用对象Civil protection, the town
Resources view in the lab with an intensified sampling plan	为什么shows the capacity of the lab	适用对象Lab management

Departments in the model

Board and assembly

Public service: cost-covering, not for profit.
Planning and construction

Renews pipes, sewers and basins.
Dam and waterworks

Abstracts raw water and treats it into drinking water.
Pipe network and service connections

Keeps the network tight, flushes, repairs bursts.
Central control room

Controls pumps, basins and reservoirs around the clock.
Sewer operations and pumping stations

Flushes sewers, inspects them by camera, runs pumping stations.
Treatment plant and sludge

Treats the wastewater and recovers gas from sludge.
Laboratory (accredited)

Analyses drinking water and wastewater to plan.
Charges and customer service

Bills charges and informs the public.
Control systems and IT security

Critical infrastructure: control systems separated and secured.

All processes in the model

A drinking water sample is analysed

01Sampling at the tap: A sampler draws water at a fixed point in the network.
02Microbiology set-up: The lab sets up the sample for coliform bacteria and E. coli.
03Incubator (18 to 48 hours): The sample grows in the incubator.
04Reading and result: The lab reads the plates.
05Clear.
06Report to the public health office: Positive: the lab reports immediately to the public health office.
07Public health office decides: The public health office decides, for example on a boil-water notice.
08Flushing the network and informing the public run in parallel.
09Network flushing and root cause search: The network team flushes and looks for the cause: burst, reservoir, backflow.
10Informing the public: The public is informed.
11Flushed and informed.
12Control samples over several days: Control samples over several days.
13Public health office lifts the measure: The public health office lifts the boil-water notice.
14Lifted.

Heavy rain approaches

01Severe weather warning: The weather service warns of heavy rain.
02Control room raises readiness: The control room calls in the standby.
03Empty storm tanks in advance: Storm tanks are emptied in advance to make room.
04Pumping stations and plant work at the limit at the same time.
05Pumping stations at full load: All pumps run at full load.
06Treatment plant in wet-weather mode: The plant switches to wet-weather mode.
07The rain eases.
08Situation: does the sewer hold?: The control room checks: were there floodings?
09Fire brigade at floodings: The fire brigade pumps out cellars.
10Clean sewers, record damage: Sewer operations flush the sewers and record damage.
11Report to the water authority: Anomalies go to the water authority.
12Weathered.

The plant checks its outflow

01Daily composite sample at the outflow: A 24-hour composite sample is taken at the outflow.
02Analysis: COD, ammonium, nitrogen, phosphorus: The plant lab measures COD, ammonium, nitrogen and phosphorus.
03Compliant.
04Adjust the process: The plant adjusts: more air, more precipitant.
05Inform the water authority: The water authority is informed.
06Resolved.

A pipe bursts under the street

01Residents report water in the street: Residents report: water bubbles out of the asphalt.
02Locate the burst: The network team locates the burst by listening.
03Shut off the main: The main is valved off – as few households as possible without water.
04Contractor digs up: A contractor exposes the pipe.
05Repair the pipe: The pipe gets a repair clamp or a new section.
06Flush and sample: The main is flushed and sampled before it goes back into service.
07Repaired.

What you can change

Controls

Sampling volume: After construction work or findings more samples are taken.
Laboratory staff: How many samples are set up and read at once.
Metered zones: Flow metering per zone: bursts are found faster (model assumption).
Sewer flow control: Tanks and sewers are controlled together: fewer floodings (model assumption).
Pipe renewal: More renewal, fewer bursts in the long run.

Disruptions

Heat summer: Three weeks of heat and drought: the ground moves, twice as many bursts.
Severe weather: For two days thunderstorms pass: heavy rain comes blow after blow.
Attack on the control systems: For eight hours the process control system is down: manual operation, the control room is blind.
Laboratory system fails: For four hours no samples can be set up.

What the model gives a water utility

01

The whole cycle

Reservoir, waterworks, service reservoir, pipe network, pumping station, sewer and treatment plant in one walkable model – instead of spread over records, schematics and org charts.
02

Time that cannot be cut

The incubator sets the pace. ‘Where the time goes’ shows it as the longest step and makes clear where more lab staff help and where they do not.
03

Practise for a crisis

Attack on the control systems, lab system outage, severe weather: disruptions can be triggered, with their effect visible in the control room, lab and sewers at once.
04

Making the case for investment

More renewal means fewer bursts in the long run. The model shows the link plainly for the board and member councils.
05

For meeting rooms and classrooms

From an office screen to the big screen at the members' assembly or an open day: the model runs in the browser, and a demo mode shows everything on its own.

Basis and limits

Fictional water association · model based on researched industry structures · no forecast for real associations

1 case = 1 sample, 1 rain event, 1 daily sample or 1 pipe burst · 1 figure ≈ 10 employees

All volumes, durations, rates and capacities are model assumptions, not values of a real association.

One association for both drinking water and wastewater is a model assumption; drinking water often lies with municipal utilities.

Documented: reporting of findings to the public health office, which decides on measures; self-monitoring at the plant; limits per size class.

Public sources the model is based on:

Trinkwasserverordnung 2023
Wasserhaushaltsgesetz
Abwasserverordnung, Anhang 1
BDEW Wasserstatistik
Selbstüberwachungsverordnung Abwasser NRW
Abwasserabgabengesetz

Your utility as a model

We model your plants, your network and your lab as far as your questions require. Tell us which processes you want to show; a password for the simulation is yours on request.

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