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シミュレーション · Minimal Water · Special routes

Wuppertal – pressure zones stacked in a narrow valley

A town in the narrow Wupper valley as a model: more than a hundred metres of height difference, two service reservoirs for two pressure zones and imported water that arrives at the top on the Nordhöhe.

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Trailer

Real are location, terrain and buildings (OpenStreetMap, heights from SRTM and EU-DEM). The transfer point, tanks, pipe network, sizes and demand are invented and simplified. It is not an operations control and not a planning tool. With your data, the model shows your site and your processes.

The model shows a town in the narrow valley of the Wupper: houses on steep slopes, more than a hundred metres of height difference. The water has to go up in several pressure zones stacked one above the other, and each needs its own tank. At the top, on the Nordhöhe, treated dam water arrives, in a limited quantity; the Hangzone service reservoir supplies the houses on the slope, and a downpipe takes it to the lower Talzone service reservoir, which supplies the densely built valley floor.

Unterbarmen on the valley floor, at 155 m, needs at least 25 m and tolerates at most 70 m of pressure; that is why the tank for the valley stands lower on the slope, so that below there is enough, but not too much pressure. The Nordhöhe at 290 m needs a booster. Three controls move the whole landscape: rain, heat and consumption. In heavy rain the water runs down the slopes and the Wupper rises, in a drought the transfer runs short, and the woods on the slopes suffer.

Real are location, terrain and buildings. The transfer point, tanks, pipes, sizes and demand are invented and simplified; quantities and processes are model assumptions. The page is for schools and universities, exhibitions, municipalities and water supply.

The path of water

  1. 01

    treated reservoir water arrives up on the northern heights

  2. 02

    the slope-zone reservoir supplies the houses on the slope

  3. 03

    a gravity main carries it to the valley-zone reservoir

  4. 04

    from there into the densely built valley floor

  5. 05

    a booster for the northern heights

  6. 06

    the sewer leads out of the area to the treatment plant

Water shapes the land

01

Water shapes the land

Wuppertal: A city in the narrow Wupper valley: houses on steep slopes, more than a hundred metres difference in height; water has to climb through several pressure zones stacked above each other.

The path of water

02

The path of water

Glowing pipes – the path of the water as one continuous line, the waves run with the speed and direction of the flow.

What is shown – why – for whom

表示内容 なぜ 対象
Imported-water transfer on the Nordhöhe なぜShows where treated dam water arrives and that its quantity is limited. 対象teaching, water supply
Hangzone service reservoir, 30 m to 50 m above the houses なぜShows how a tank supplies the houses on the slope with pressure. 対象teaching, municipalities
Talzone service reservoir lower on the slope なぜShows why the valley gets enough, but not too much pressure. 対象teaching, water supply
Unterbarmen and Elberfeld-Ost on the valley floor なぜShows the densely built zone with at least 25 m and at most 70 m of pressure. 対象teaching, exhibition
Nordhang at 212 m なぜShows houses that lie too high for the valley zone and are right in the slope zone. 対象teaching, municipalities
Nordhöhe at 290 m with booster なぜShows what is needed when a district lies above the slope zone. 対象teaching, water supply
Three controls and four weather situations なぜShows connections in the model, not a statement about reality. 対象teaching, education
The city from within

03

The city from within

Wastewater – From the house through the sewer to the plant.

When things get tight

04

When things get tight

Forest fire – in drought and great heat a glowing front eats through the forest, rain puts it out.

Films from the model

  • Above Wuppertal

    A flight across the area: low angles with sky, the houses climb the slopes, the Wupper runs below, then over the town to the long shot – with the sound of the landscape.

  • The path of water

    From the source via the works and the storage into the town, through the sewer and back into the river: station by station, the pipes glowing.

  • The city opens up

    Beneath the streets: first the pipes, then the open cross-section, wastewater, rainwater in heavy rain, greywater – and everything together.

  • A water year

    A normal year, then heat and drought: fields wither, the river narrows, the forest burns – then heavy rain and thunderstorm. The landscape answers in real time.

  • Pipe burst and heavy rain

    First a main bursts: the spot pulses red, a crew drives out, the storage carries the town. Then heavy rain sweeps over the town on the slopes.

  • Using the software

    With the full interface: tap weather situations, pull levers, look at stations on the wheel and consequences – every effect shows at once on the map.

Facilities and landscape in the model

  • Bulk water supply point

    Treated reservoir water arrives here up on the northern heights. The amount is limited. (Schematic; treatment at the reservoir is not simulated.).

  • Slope zone reservoir

    Supplies the houses on the slope. Its water level is about 30–50 m above them.

  • Valley zone reservoir

    Sits lower on the slope and supplies the valley – enough pressure, but not too much.

  • Unterbarmen (valley floor)

    Dense along the Wupper, about 155 m. Needs at least 25 m and tolerates at most 70 m of pressure.

  • Elberfeld-East

    In the valley, about 150 m – same zone as the valley floor.

  • Northern slope

    Houses on the slope, about 212 m. Too high for the valley zone, right in the slope zone.

  • Northern heights

    On top, about 290 m – needs the booster.

Thunderstorm

05

Thunderstorm

Thunderstorm – lightning in view, the cloud lights up from within around the strike, the cover tears open along the line of sight.

Heavy rain

06

Heavy rain

Heavy rain – it grows dark, dense rain sweeps over the land, the soils soak up all they can.

Processes in the model

The path of water

  1. 01treated reservoir water arrives up on the northern heights
  2. 02the slope-zone reservoir supplies the houses on the slope
  3. 03a gravity main carries it to the valley-zone reservoir
  4. 04from there into the densely built valley floor
  5. 05a booster for the northern heights
  6. 06the sewer leads out of the area to the treatment plant

Heat and drought

  1. 01no rain and great heat
  2. 02the soil dries out, the river narrows
  3. 03the fields wither first
  4. 04the forest dies and burns, rain puts it out
  5. 05water runs short in the town, the storage empties
  6. 06rain brings soil, river and harvest back quickly; dead forest takes far longer

Heavy rain and flood

  1. 01the soil soaks up all it can
  2. 02what it cannot hold rushes into streams and the river
  3. 03the floodplain and low-lying districts fill by contour line
  4. 04sewers and treatment plant reach their limit
  5. 05after the rain the water falls again

Pipe burst

  1. 01a pipe bursts, water escapes
  2. 02a crew drives out from the depot
  3. 03the section is shut off
  4. 04the storage carries the town
  5. 05after the repair the pipe goes back into service

What the model can be used for

  • What a pressure zone is

    On a slope every height step needs its own tank. You see why the valley has a lower service reservoir than the houses on the slope and what too much or too little pressure means.

    対象schools, universities, training

  • Water supply on a slope

    Imported water arrives at the top, a downpipe leads it down, a booster lifts it to the Nordhöhe. The model shows all three paths in one picture.

    対象water supply, municipalities, universities

  • Playing through drought and heavy rain

    In a drought the transfer runs short, in heavy rain the water runs down the slopes and the Wupper rises. You see what gets tight first.

    対象civil protection, municipalities, education

  • Museum and exhibition

    A narrow valley, steep slopes, houses at several heights: the model shows why the water has to go up in steps.

    対象museums, exhibitions, local history

The course

07

The course

The course – the houses climb the slopes, the Wupper runs below; waves and foam move with the current in real time.

The whole software

08

The whole software

Hot summer with one tap – the levers visibly move there, the camera follows the effect, below a sentence explains what is happening.

What you can change

Controls

  • Rain: From drought to storm: rain fills soil, groundwater and river; little rain lets everything dry out, a lot of it lets it overflow.
  • Heat: Up to four degrees more: more evaporates from lakes, fields and trees, and everyone needs more water.
  • Consumption: From frugal to wasteful: wasteful speeds up the shortage, frugal delays it.
  • Weather situations: Normal year, Hot summer, Drought, Heavy rain: One tap sets all three levers, they visibly move there, and the view goes to where the effect shows.

Disruptions

  • Water shortage: Water is running short in town: the first homes are without water – people are moving away.
  • Failed harvest: The fields are withering – the harvest fails, food becomes scarce and expensive.
  • Fish die-off: The river is shallow and warm, oxygen is running out – the fish are dying.
  • Flood: Flood! The river bursts its banks, the sewers overflow – untreated water flows into the river.
  • Health: Without enough clean water, health suffers: heat, poor hygiene, disease. Ambulances are on their way.
  • Forest fire: The dry forest is burning. Fire crews are on their way – but without water there is nothing to fight it with.
  • Tree dieback: The trees are dying. It takes decades for a forest to grow back.
  • Pipe burst: Pipe bursts hit lines, never a single building; the storage carries the town until the crew has repaired the section.
  • The extreme: Everything is parched: no water, no harvest, no trees, no animals. Life is no longer possible here.

What the model brings

  • 01

    The real valley as a stage

    Slopes, valley floor and buildings stand on terrain from OpenStreetMap and elevation data. You show the town as it lies, not as a diagram.

  • 02

    Zones stacked up, step by step

    Transfer, slope zone, valley zone and booster can be shown one by one. You understand the steps before you change anything.

  • 03

    Situations without damage

    Drought, heavy rain, pipe burst: you see where it gets tight first, and set it back. A pipe burst hits a pipe, never a single building.

  • 04

    In the browser, with one tap

    The model runs in the browser. One tap sets rain, heat and consumption together to a weather situation.

  • Wuppertal: Eine Stadt im engen Tal der Wupper: Häuser an steilen Hängen, über hundert Meter Höhenunterschied; das Wasser muss in mehreren Druckzonen übereinander hinauf.
    Wuppertal: A city in the narrow Wupper valley: houses on steep slopes, more than a hundred metres difference in height; water has to climb through several pressure zones stacked above each other.
  • Wuppertal am Abend – tiefe Sonne, lange Schatten, das Wasser spiegelt den Himmel.
    Wuppertal in the evening – low sun, long shadows, the water mirrors the sky.
  • Morgens im Tal der Wupper – Dunst liegt über dem Land, Gelände und Bebauung stammen aus Höhendaten und OpenStreetMap.
    Morning in the Wupper valley – haze over the land, terrain and buildings come from elevation data and OpenStreetMap.
  • Der Lauf – die Häuser steigen die Hänge hinauf, unten läuft die Wupper; Wellen und Schaum ziehen in echter Zeit mit der Strömung.
    The course – the houses climb the slopes, the Wupper runs below; waves and foam move with the current in real time.
  • Weit über das Land – Wald, Felder und Siedlungen hängen an demselben Wasser.
    Far across the land – forest, fields and settlements hang on the same water.
  • Unterbarmen (Talsohle) von außen – jedes Haus ein Quader, am Abend warm im Licht.
    Unterbarmen (valley floor) from outside – every house a block, warm in the evening light.
  • Dämmerung im Tal der Wupper – die Häuser werden dunkler, über dem Land liegt der letzte Schein.
    Dusk in the Wupper valley – the houses grow darker, the last glow lies over the land.
  • Wald – Laubbäume mit Stamm und Krone, Nadelholz in Beständen; hier beginnt der Kreislauf mit dem Regen, der im Boden bleibt.
    Forest – deciduous trees with trunk and crown, conifers in stands; here the cycle begins with the rain that stays in the soil.
  • Felder und Wiesen – die Reihen wachsen mit der Ernte und welken in der Dürre; der Boden ist ein Schwamm.
    Fields and meadows – the rows grow with the harvest and wither in the drought; the soil is a sponge.
  • Wuppertal schräg von oben – der ganze Ausschnitt als Modell aus Quadern, das Netz spielt in seiner Mitte.
    Wuppertal from above at an angle – the whole area as a model of blocks, with the network at its centre.
  • Die Quelle – aufbereitetes Talsperrenwasser kommt hier an; die Talsperre selbst liegt außerhalb des Ausschnitts, die Menge ist begrenzt.
    The source – treated reservoir water arrives here; the dam itself lies outside the area, and the amount is limited.
  • Übergabe Fernwasser – Hier kommt aufbereitetes Talsperrenwasser oben auf der Nordhöhe an. Die Menge ist begrenzt. (Schematisch; Aufbereitung im Wasserwerk an der Talsperre wird nicht simuliert.)
    Bulk water supply point – Treated reservoir water arrives here up on the northern heights. The amount is limited. (Schematic; treatment at the reservoir is not simulated.)
  • Hochbehälter Hangzone – Versorgt die Häuser am Hang. Sein Wasserspiegel liegt rund 30–50 m über ihnen.
    Slope zone reservoir – Supplies the houses on the slope. Its water level is about 30–50 m above them.
  • Hochbehälter Talzone – Steht tiefer am Hang und versorgt das Tal. So bekommt das Tal genug, aber nicht zu viel Druck.
    Valley zone reservoir – Sits lower on the slope and supplies the valley – enough pressure, but not too much.
  • Leuchtende Rohre – der Weg des Wassers als durchgehende Leitung, die Wellen laufen mit Tempo und Richtung des Durchflusses.
    Glowing pipes – the path of the water as one continuous line, the waves run with the speed and direction of the flow.
  • Unterbarmen (Talsohle) – Dicht bebaut an der Wupper, um 155 m. Braucht mindestens 25 m, verträgt höchstens 70 m Druck.
    Unterbarmen (valley floor) – Dense along the Wupper, about 155 m. Needs at least 25 m and tolerates at most 70 m of pressure.
  • Elberfeld-Ost – Im Tal, um 150 m – gleiche Zone wie die Talsohle.
    Elberfeld-East – In the valley, about 150 m – same zone as the valley floor.
  • Zurück im Fluss – was gereinigt ist, läuft wieder ein; flussab beginnt der Kreislauf von vorn.
    Back in the river – what has been cleaned flows back in; downstream the cycle starts again.
  • Die Stadt von innen – Rohre und Anschlüsse: Breite nach dem Durchfluss, Licht läuft vom Hochbehälter zu den Häusern.
    The city from within – pipes and connections: width by flow, light runs from the reservoir to the houses.
  • Querschnitt – der Boden öffnet sich, Leitungen liegen frei unter den Straßen.
    Cross-section – the ground opens up, pipes lie exposed beneath the streets.
  • Abwasser – Vom Haus durch den Kanal zur Kläranlage.
    Wastewater – From the house through the sewer to the plant.
  • Regenwasser – versiegelte Flächen führen ab: was nicht versickert, läuft über Straßen und Kanäle.
    Rainwater – sealed surfaces drain off: what does not soak away runs over streets and through sewers.
  • Alles auf einen Blick – Trinkwasser und Kanal zusammen: was in die Häuser hineinfließt, läuft unten wieder heraus.
    All at a glance – drinking water and sewer together: what flows into the houses runs out again below.
  • Hitzesommer – wenig Regen, mehr Verdunstung: Der Boden trocknet, die Menschen brauchen mehr, der Speicher der Stadt sinkt.
    Hot summer – little rain, more evaporation: the soil dries out, people need more, the town’s storage sinks.
  • Dürre – die Felder verdorren zuerst: Grün wird zu Stroh, die Reihen welken, die Ernte fällt aus.
    Drought – the fields wither first: green turns to straw, the rows wilt, the harvest fails.
  • Niedrigwasser – der Fluss führt nur noch wenig Wasser, wird schmal und warm; es fehlt Sauerstoff, die Fische sterben.
    Low water – the river carries very little, grows narrow and warm; oxygen runs short and the fish die.
  • Waldbrand – in Dürre und großer Hitze frisst sich eine glühende Front durch den Wald, Regen löscht.
    Forest fire – in drought and great heat a glowing front eats through the forest, rain puts it out.
  • Rauch über dem Land – die Herde tragen dunkle Säulen, vom Feuer durchleuchtet, weit sichtbar.
    Smoke over the land – the fires carry dark columns, lit from within, visible from afar.
  • Was bleibt – Felder und Stadt erholen sich schnell, abgestorbener und verbrannter Wald bleibt lange sichtbar.
    What remains – fields and town recover quickly, dead and burnt forest stays visible for a long time.
  • Starkregen – es wird dunkel, dichter Regen zieht über das Land, die Böden saugen sich voll.
    Heavy rain – it grows dark, dense rain sweeps over the land, the soils soak up all they can.
  • Gewitter – Blitze im Blickfeld, die Wolke leuchtet um den Einschlag von innen, die Decke reißt entlang der Sichtachse auf.
    Thunderstorm – lightning in view, the cloud lights up from within around the strike, the cover tears open along the line of sight.
  • Rohrbruch – die Leitung pulsiert rot, Wasser tritt aus; ein Trupp wird gerufen.
    Pipe burst – the line pulses red, water escapes; a crew is called out.
  • Abgesperrt – ein Trupp fährt hin, das Stück steht still, der Speicher trägt die Stadt, bis repariert ist.
    Shut off – a crew drives out, the section stands still, the storage carries the town until the repair is done.
  • Die Viertel beim Namen – über der Karte stehen die Stadtteile, oben Wasser in der Stadt, Speicher und die fünf Folgen.
    The districts by name – above the map stand the quarters, at the top water in the city, storage and the five consequences.
  • Unterbarmen (Talsohle) und die Nachbarviertel – jeder Name zeigt mit einem Balken, wie gut das Viertel versorgt ist.
    Unterbarmen (valley floor) and the neighbouring districts – each name shows with a bar how well the district is supplied.
  • Zeichen in der Karte – wird eine Folge kritisch, steht ihr Zeichen dort, wo es geschieht: Felder verdorren, Wald stirbt, kein Wasser.
    Signs on the map – when a consequence turns critical, its sign stands where it happens: fields wither, forest dies, no water.
  • Die ganze Software – oben Wasser in der Stadt und fünf Folgen, rechts das Rad des Kreislaufs, unten vier Wetterlagen und drei Hebel.
    The whole software – at the top water in the city and five consequences, on the right the wheel of the cycle, below four weather situations and three levers.
  • Hitzesommer mit einem Tipp – die Hebel fahren sichtbar dorthin, die Kamera folgt der Wirkung, unten erklärt ein Satz, was geschieht.
    Hot summer with one tap – the levers visibly move there, the camera follows the effect, below a sentence explains what is happening.
  • Ein Hebel, sofort sichtbar – Verbrauch auf Verschwendung: Die Stadt braucht mehr, der Speicher sinkt, oben zeigt ein Pfeil die Richtung.
    One lever, visible at once – consumption set to wasteful: the town needs more, the storage sinks, an arrow at the top shows the direction.
  • Das Rad erklärt – Station Fluss angetippt: Der Fluss lebt vom Grundwasser und vom Regen. In der Dürre wird er schmal und warm.
    The wheel explains – station River tapped: The river lives on groundwater and rain. In a drought it becomes narrow and warm.
  • Folgen antippen – Natur: Die Leiste oben erklärt, was das Wasser für Menschen und Natur bedeutet.
    Tap a consequence – Nature: the bar at the top explains what water means for people and nature.
  • Dürre in der Oberfläche – die Folgen färben sich rot, Zeichen stehen in der Karte, der Untertitel sagt, was als Nächstes kommt.
    Drought in the interface – the consequences turn red, signs stand on the map, the subtitle says what comes next.
  • Zwölf Wasserlandschaften – Zusammenflüsse, Talsperren und große Seen quer durch Deutschland, jede an ihrem echten Ort.
    Twelve water landscapes – confluences, dams and large lakes across Germany, each in its real place.
  • Die Einführung – vier Karten sagen, worum es geht und wie man bedient.
    The introduction – four cards say what it is about and how to use it.

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Minimal Water: Wuppertal – Druckzonen übereinander im engen Tal

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Basis and limits

Terrain and buildings: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), elevation: Mapzen/Tilezen Terrain Tiles (SRTM, EU-DEM). Supply point, tanks, pipe network, sizes and demand are invented and simplified. Simplified educational model – not a real control system and not a planning tool.

Public sources the model is based on:

  • Terrain and buildings: © OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL)
  • Elevation: Mapzen/Tilezen Terrain Tiles (SRTM, EU-DEM)

More areas in the model

← Minimal Water

Real are location, terrain and buildings (OpenStreetMap, heights from SRTM and EU-DEM). The transfer point, tanks, pipe network, sizes and demand are invented and simplified. It is not an operations control and not a planning tool. With your data, the model shows your site and your processes.